Start with the coat
Use brushing needs as your first signal
Short, smooth coats may need only periodic brushing, while longer, curly, dense or double coats usually need more frequent attention to prevent tangles and compacted undercoat. Check high-friction areas such as behind the ears, under the collar, armpits and legs.
If a comb cannot move through the coat without pulling, do not force it. Tight mats close to the skin can hide irritation and are safer for an experienced groomer to assess.
